Recombinant Human GM-CSF/CSF2 Protein (HEK293 Cells)

• Background:

  Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is one of an array of cytokines with pivotal roles in embryo implantation and subsequent development. Several cell lineages in the reproductive tract and gestational tissues synthesise GM-CSF under direction by ovarian steroid hormones and signalling agents originating in male seminal fluid and the conceptus. The pre-implantation embryo, invading placental trophoblast cells and the abundant populations of leukocytes controlling maternal immune tolerance are all subject to GM-CSF regulation. GM-CSF stimulates the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors to monocytes and neutrophils, and reduces the risk for febrile neutropenia in cancer patients. GM-CSF also has been shown to induce the differentiation of myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) that promote the development of T-helper type 1 immune responses in cognate T cells. As a part of the immune/inflammatory cascade, GM-CSF promotes Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity, and thus worthy of consideration for therapeutic target. GM-CSF has been utilized in the clinical management of multiple disease processes. Most recently, GM-CSF has been incorporated into the treatment of malignancies as a sole therapy, as well as a vaccine adjuvant. While the benefits of GM-CSF in this arena have been promising, recent reports have suggested the potential for GM-CSF to induce immune suppression and, thus, negatively impact outcomes in the management of cancer patients.

• Synonyms:

  CSF; CSF2; Colony-Stimulating Factor; GM-CSF; GMCSF; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Molgramostin; Sargramostim

• UniProt:

  P04141

• Accession Number:

  NP_000749.2

• Expression System:

  HEK293 Cells

• Tag:

  None

• Sequence:

  Met 1-Glu144

• Applications:

  Cell culture

• Field of Research:

  Immunology

• Endotoxin:

  < 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method.

• Purity:

  > 90 % as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

• Bioactivity:

  Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells. The ED50 for this effect is typically 0.1-0.6 ng/ml.

• Reconstitution:

  Please refer to the printed manual for detailed information.

• Shipping Conditions:

  This product is provided as lyophilized powder which is shipped with ice packs.

• Storage Conditions:

  Generally, lyophilized proteins are stable for up to 12 months when stored at -20 to -80°C. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 4-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at < -20°C for 3 months.

• Calculated Molecular Weight:

  14.5 kDa

• Observed Molecular Weight:

  23.8 kDa

• Species:

  Human