Palmatine (hydroxide)

• Description :

  Palmatine hydroxide is an orally active and irreversible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) inhibitor with IC50s of 3 μM and 157μM against HEK 293-hIDO-1 and rhIDO-1, respectively. Palmatine hydroxide can also inhibit West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease in an uncompetitive manner with an IC50 of 96 μM. Palmatine hydroxide shows anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, antibacterial, anti-viral activities[1][2][3][4][5].

• CAS Number :

  [131-04-4]

• UNSPSC :

  12352005

• Target :

  Apoptosis; Aurora Kinase; Bacterial; Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) ; mAChR; Parasite; Virus Protease

• Type :

  Natural Products

• Related Pathways :

  Anti-infection; Apoptosis; Cell Cycle/DNA Damage; Epigenetics; GPCR/G Protein; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; Neuronal Signaling

• Applications :

  COVID-19-anti-virus

• Field of Research :

  Cancer; Infection; Metabolic Disease; Inflammation/Immunology; Neurological Disease

• Assay Protocol :

  https://www.medchemexpress.com/palmatine-hydroxide.html

• Purity :

  99.64

• Solubility :

  DMSO : 15.62 mg/mL (ultrasonic; warming; heat to 60°C)

• Smiles :

  COC(C=C1C2=CC3=CC=C4OC)=C(C=C1CC[N+]2=CC3=C4OC)OC.[OH-]

• Molecular Formula :

  C21H23NO5

• Molecular Weight :

  369.41

• References & Citations :

  [1]Zhang XJ, et al. Palmatine ameliorated murine colitis by suppressing tryptophan metabolism and regulating gut microbiota.Pharmacol Res. 2018 Nov;137:34-46.|[2]Lee WC, et al. Palmatine attenuates D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced fulminant hepatic failure in mice. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Jan;48 (1) :222-8.|[3]Jia F, et al. Identification of palmatine as an inhibitor of West Nile virus. Arch Virol. 2010 Aug;155 (8) :1325-9.|[4]Dhingra D, et al. Memory-enhancing activity of palmatine in mice using elevated plus maze and morris water maze. Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2012;2012:357368.|[5]Liu X, et al. Palmatine induces G2/M phase arrest and mitochondrial-associated pathway apoptosis in colon cancer cells by targeting AURKA. Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 May;175:113933.|[6]Long J, et al. Palmatine: A review of its pharmacology, toxicity and pharmacokinetics. Biochimie. 2019 Jul;162:176-184.

• Shipping Conditions :

  Room Temperature

• Storage Conditions :

  -20°C, 3 years; 4°C, 2 years (Powder)

• Scientific Category :

  Natural Products

• Clinical Information :

  No Development Reported

• Isoform :

  IDO1