Palmatine

• Description:

  Palmatine is an orally active and irreversible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) inhibitor with IC50s of 3 μM and 157μM against HEK 293-hIDO-1 and rhIDO-1, respectively. Palmatine can also inhibit West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease in an uncompetitive manner with an IC50 of 96 μM. Palmatine shows anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, antibacterial, anti-viral activities[1][2][3][4][5].

• UNSPSC:

  12352005

• Hazard Statement:

  H302, H315, H319, H335

• Target:

  Apoptosis; Aurora Kinase; Bacterial; Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) ; mAChR; Parasite; Virus Protease

• Type:

  Natural Products

• Related Pathways:

  Anti-infection; Apoptosis; Cell Cycle/DNA Damage; Epigenetics; GPCR/G Protein; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; Neuronal Signaling

• Applications:

  COVID-19-immunoregulation

• Field of Research:

  Cancer; Infection; Metabolic Disease; Inflammation/Immunology; Neurological Disease

• Assay Protocol:

  https://www.medchemexpress.com/palmatine.html

• Solubility:

  10 mM in DMSO

• Smiles:

  COC1=C(OC)C2=C[N+]3=C(C4=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C4CC3)C=C2C=C1

• Molecular Formula:

  C21H22NO4

• Molecular Weight:

  352.40

• Precautions:

  H302, H315, H319, H335

• References & Citations:

  [1]Zhang XJ, et al. Palmatine ameliorated murine colitis by suppressing tryptophan metabolism and regulating gut microbiota.Pharmacol Res. 2018 Nov;137:34-46.|[2]Lee WC, et al. Palmatine attenuates D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced fulminant hepatic failure in mice. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Jan;48 (1) :222-8.|[3]Jia F, et al. Identification of palmatine as an inhibitor of West Nile virus. Arch Virol. 2010 Aug;155 (8) :1325-9.|[4]Dhingra D, et al. Memory-enhancing activity of palmatine in mice using elevated plus maze and morris water maze. Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2012;2012:357368.|[5]Liu X, et al. Palmatine induces G2/M phase arrest and mitochondrial-associated pathway apoptosis in colon cancer cells by targeting AURKA. Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 May;175:113933.|[6]Long J, et al. Palmatine: A review of its pharmacology, toxicity and pharmacokinetics. Biochimie. 2019 Jul;162:176-184.

• Shipping Conditions:

  Room Temperature

• Storage Conditions:

  4°C (Powder, protect from light)

• Scientific Category:

  Natural Products

• Clinical Information:

  Launched

• Isoform:

  IDO1

• Citation 01:

  Drug Dev Res. 2022 Nov;83 (7) :1613-1622.|Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 May:106:108583.|Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Mar 11:2021:6660193.|Phytomedicine. 2025 Sep 4:148:157233.|Biol Res. 2020 Sep 14;53 (1) :39.|J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 30;319 (Pt 2) :117238.|Molecules. 2024 May 14.

• CAS Number:

  [3486-67-7]