Metformin-d6

Metformin-d6 (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide-d6) is a deuterated labeled Metformin. Metformin inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to AMPK activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, metformin regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].

1185512-92-8

1,1-Dimethylbiguanide-d6

12352211

AMPK; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Isotope-Labeled Compounds; Mitophagy; mTOR

Apoptosis; Autophagy; Epigenetics; Others; PI3K/Akt/mTOR

Neuroscience-Neurodegeneration

Cardiovascular Disease

N=C(N)NC(N(C([2H])([2H])[2H])C([2H])([2H])[2H])=N

C4H5D6N5

135.20

[1]Soraya H, et al. Acute treatment with metformin improves cardiac function following isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Pharmacol Rep. 2012;64 (6) :1476-84.|[2]Quaile MP, et al. Toxicity and toxicokinetics of metformin in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2010 Mar 15;243 (3) :340-7.|[3]Xue J, et al. Metformin inhibits growth of eutopic stromal cells from adenomyotic endometrium via AMPK activation and subsequent inhibition of AKT phosphorylation: a possible role in the treatment of adenomyosis. Reproduction. 2013 Aug 21;146 (4) :397-406. |[4]Otto M, et al. Metformin inhibits glycogen synthesis and gluconeogenesis in cultured rat hepatocytes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2003 May;5 (3) :189-94. |[5]Avci CB, et al. Therapeutic potential of an anti-diabetic drug, metformin: alteration of miRNA expression in prostate cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14 (2) :765-8. |[6]Abdel-Zaher AO, et al. Novel mechanistic insights of the potential role of gasotransmitters and autophagy in the protective effect of metformin against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Feb 6.|[7]Liu J, et al. Metformin inhibits renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo xenograft. Urol Oncol. 2013 Feb;31 (2) :264-70.

Room temperature

Isotope-Labeled Compounds