Chlorhexidine

• Description:

  Chlorhexidine is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) [1][2][3].

• UNSPSC:

  12352005

• Hazard Statement:

  H315, H319, H334, H335, H410

• Target:

  Antibiotic; Apoptosis; Bacterial; Necroptosis

• Type:

  Reference compound

• Related Pathways:

  Anti-infection; Apoptosis

• Applications:

  COVID-19-immunoregulation

• Field of Research:

  Infection

• Assay Protocol:

  https://www.medchemexpress.com/Chlorhexidine.html

• Purity:

  99.60

• Solubility:

  DMSO : 25 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

• Smiles:

  N=C (NC1=CC=C (Cl) C=C1) NC (NCCCCCCNC (NC (NC2=CC=C (Cl) C=C2) =N) =N) =N

• Molecular Formula:

  C22H30Cl2N10

• Molecular Weight:

  505.45

• Precautions:

  H315, H319, H334, H335, H410

• References & Citations:

  [1]Faria G, et al. Evaluation of chlorhexidine toxicity injected in the paw of mice and added to cultured l929 fibroblasts. J Endod. 2007 Jun;33 (6) :715-22.|[2]Sanchez IR, et al. Chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine cytotoxicity to canine embryonic fibroblasts and Staphylococcus aureus. Vet Surg. 1988;17 (4) :182-185.|[3]Zhang J, et al. Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment after a Single Intratracheal Inhalation of Chlorhexidine Aerosol in Mice. Toxics. 2023 Nov 7;11 (11) :910.|[4]Ribeiro DA, et al. Chlorhexidine induces DNA damage in rat peripheral leukocytes and oral mucosal cells. J Periodontal Res. 2004 Oct;39 (5) :358-61.

• Shipping Conditions:

  Room Temperature

• Storage Conditions:

  4°C (Powder, protect from light)

• Scientific Category:

  Reference compound1

• Clinical Information:

  Launched

• Citation 01:

  BioRxiv. 2024 Nov 06.|Cell Death Dis. 2022 Apr 22;13 (4) :396.|Cell Oncol (Dordr) . 2025 Jun;48 (3) :637-654.|Cell Signal. 2021 Jul:83:110002.|Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Mar 30:9:633259.|Genes (Basel) . 2021 Apr 7;12 (4) :537.|J Funct Foods. 2024 Jun.|Mol Oncol. 2020 Feb;14 (2) :373-386. |Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 29;12 (1) :1940.|Transl Oncol. 2024 Jul:45:101958.|Antioxidants (Basel) . 2024 May 29;13 (6) :667.|Dent Mater. 2025 Jun;41 (6) :730-744.

• CAS Number:

  55-56-1