Urea

• Description:

  Urea is a powerful protein denaturant via both direct and indirect mechanisms[1]. A potent emollient and keratolytic agent[2]. Used as a diuretic agent. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) has been utilized to evaluate renal function[3]. Widely used in fertilizers as a source of nitrogen and is an important raw material for the chemical industry.

• Product Name Alternative:

  Carbonyl diamide

• UNSPSC:

  12352211

• Hazard Statement:

  H302, H315, H319, H335

• Target:

  Apoptosis; Carbonic Anhydrase; Endogenous Metabolite; ERK

• Type:

  Natural Products

• Related Pathways:

  Apoptosis; MAPK/ERK Pathway; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; Stem Cell/Wnt

• Applications:

  COVID-19-immunoregulation

• Field of Research:

  Cardiovascular Disease; Cancer

• Assay Protocol:

  https://www.medchemexpress.com/Urea.html

• Purity:

  99.84

• Solubility:

  DMSO : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic) |H2O : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

• Smiles:

  NC(N)=O

• Molecular Formula:

  CH4N2O

• Molecular Weight:

  60.06

• Precautions:

  H302, H315, H319, H335

• References & Citations:

  [1]Bennion BJ, et al. The molecular basis for the chemical denaturation of proteins by urea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 29;100 (9) :5142-7.|[2]Pan M, et al. Urea: a comprehensive review of the clinical literature. Dermatol Online J. 2013 Nov 15;19 (11) :20392.|[3]Wang H, et al. Urea. Subcell Biochem. 2014;73:7-29.|[4]Michea L, et al., Cell cycle delay and apoptosis are induced by high salt and urea in renal medullary cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2000 Feb;278 (2) :F209-18.|[5]Zhang Z, et al. High urea and NaCl carbonylate proteins in renal cells in culture and in vivo, and high urea causes 8-oxoguanine lesions in their DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jun 22;101 (25) :9491-6.|[6]Prabhakar SS, et al., Urea inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase in macrophage cell line. Am J Physiol. 1997 Dec;273 (6) :C1882-8. |[7]Yang XY, et al., ERK activation by urea in the renal inner medullary mIMCD3 cell line. Am J Physiol. 1999 Aug;277 (2) :F176-85.|[8]Ogino Y, et al., Effects of chronic, urea-induced osmotic diuresis on kidney weight and function in rats. Diabetologia. 1994 Mar;37 (3) :225-31.

• Shipping Conditions:

  Room Temperature

• Storage Conditions:

  Store at room temperature 3 years

• Scientific Category:

  Natural Products

• Clinical Information:

  Launched

• Isoform:

  Human Endogenous Metabolite; Microbial Metabolite

• CAS Number:

  57-13-6