SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Trimeric Spike (S) Recombinant Protein

• Background:

  Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family 1. The SARS-CoV-2 genome, which shares 79.6% identity with SARS-CoV, encodes four essential structural proteins: the spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid protein (N) 2. The S protein is a transmembrane, homotrimeric, class I fusion glycoprotein that mediates viral attachment, fusion, and entry into host cells 3. Each ~180 kDa monomer contains two functional subunits, S1 (~700 a.a) and S2 (~600 a.a), that mediate viral attachment and membrane fusion, respectively. S1 contains two major domains, the N-terminal (NTD) and C-terminal domains (CTD) . The CTD contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on host cells 3-5. Although both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 bind the ACE2 receptor, the RBDs only share ~73% amino acid identity, and the SARS-CoV-2 RBD binds with a higher affinity compared to SARS-CoV 3, 6. The RBD is dynamic and undergoes hinge-like conformational changes, referred to as the “down” or “up” conformations, which hide or expose the receptor-binding motifs, respectively 7. Following receptor binding, S1 destabilizes, and TMPRSS2 cleaves S2, which undergoes a pre- to post-fusion conformation transition, allowing for membrane fusion 8, 9. The S protein has been the main focus of therapeutic and vaccine design as it is highly immunogenic. Both neutralizing antibodies 10,11 and memory T cells 12,13 targeting the S protein are present in the sera of convalescent COVID-19 patients.

• NCBI Gene ID:

  1791269090

• Accession Number:

  QHD43416.1

• Type:

  Recombinant Proteins

• Source:

  HEK293 cells

• Field of Research:

  Infectious Disease, COVID-19

• Buffer:

  This recombinant protein is aseptically packaged and formulated in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.2 - 7.4, 150 mM NaCl with no carrier protein, potassium, calcium or preservatives added.

• Shipping Conditions:

  Dry Ice

• Storage Conditions:

  This recombinant protein may be stored as received at 2-8˚ C for up to one month. For longer term storage, aseptically aliquot in working volumes without diluting and store at -80˚ C. Avoid Repeated Freeze Thaw Cycles.

• Calculated Molecular Weight:

  The predicted molecular mass is ~132 kDa for monomer and ~396 kDa for trimer

• Applications Notes:

  ELISA

• NCBI Official Name:

  Surface glycoprotein

• NCBI Organism:

  Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

• Background Reference 01:

  Zhou, P., Yang, X., Wang, X. et al. Nature 579, 270–273. 2020.

• Background Reference 02:

  Wu, F., Zhao, S., Yu, B. et al. Nature 579, 265–269. 2020.

• Background Reference 03:

  Wrapp D, Wang N, Corbett KS, et al. bioRxiv. 2020.02.11.944462. 2020.

• Background Reference 04:

  Walls AC, Park YJ, Tortorici MA, et al. Cell. 181 (2) :281-292.e6. 2020.

• Tested Applications:

  ELISA

• Species:

  SARS-CoV-2

• Physical Properties:

  Liquid

• CAS Number:

  9000-83-3