Anti-IFN gamma FITC

• Description:

  The interferon gamma (IFN-gamma; 16-25 kDa) is an important regulator of the immune response, produced in activated Th1 cells and NK cells, particularly in response to IL-2, TNF-alpha and IL-12; its production is suppressed by IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-beta. The producing of IFN-gamma is activated by specific antigens or mitogens through the T cell antigen receptor. IFN-gamma polypeptide forms: 40-60 kDa forms are observable under non-denaturing conditions as dimers and trimers; 20 kDa and 25 kDa forms exist due to variable glycosylation. IFN-gamma belongs to the type II interferons, also called immune IFN. IFN-gamma shows antiviral activity and has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages and had antiproliferative effects on transformed cells. IFN-gamma plays an important role in regulating B cell differentiation by simultaneously stimulating class switch recombination to the IgG3 and IgG2a isotypes while represing class switch recombination to the IgE and IgG1 isotypes. It also appears to promote antigen presentation by B cells through its effects on MHC. Binding of IFN-gamma to its receptor increases the expression of class I MHC on all somatic cells. It also enhances the expression of class II MHC on antigen-presenting cells. IFN-gamma is the major means by which T cells activate macrophages, increasing their ability to kill bacteria, parasites, and tumours. The activation of macrophages by IFN-gamma is essential for the elimination of bacteria that replicate within the phagosomes of macrophages (f.e. Mycobacteria and Listeria monocytogenes) . IFN-gamma can potentiate the high antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons (IFN-alpha, IFN-beta) . IFN-gamma may also activate neutrophils and NK cells.

• Certification:

  RUO

• Reactivity:

  Non-human primates, Human

• Immunogen:

  Interferon gamma derived from human leukocytes

• Target Antigen:

  IFN gamma

• Clone:

  4S.B3

• Applications:

  FC-IC (QC tested)

• Format:

  FITC

• Buffer:

  Stabilizing phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide

• References & Citations:

  *Coles AJ, Wing M, Smith S, Coraddu F, Greer S, Taylor C, Weetman A, Hale G, Chatterjee VK, Waldmann H, Compston A: Pulsed monoclonal antibody treatment and autoimmune thyroid disease in multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 1999 Nov 13;354 (9191) :1691-5., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10568572, *Meager A, Parti S, Barwick S, Spragg J, O'Hagan K: Detection of hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies to human gamma interferon using a rapid screening technique and specificity of certain monoclonal antibodies to gamma interferon. J Interferon Res. 1984 Fall;4 (4) :619-25. , URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6438252, *Caulfield JJ, Fernandez MH, Sousa AR, Lane SJ, Lee TH, Hawrylowicz CM: Regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens on human alveolar macrophages by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the presence of glucocorticoids. Immunology. 1999 Sep;98 (1) :104-10., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10469240/, *Brattig NW, Lepping B, Timmann C, Büttner DW, Marfo Y, Hamelmann C, Horstmann RD: Onchocerca volvulus-exposed persons fail to produce interferon-gamma in response to O. volvulus antigen but mount proliferative responses with interleukin-5 and IL-13 production that decrease with increasing microfilarial density. J Infect Dis. 2002 Apr 15;185 (8) :1148-54., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11930325, *Janke M, Witsch EJ, Mages HW, Hutloff A, Kroczek RA: Eminent role of ICOS costimulation for T cells interacting with plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Immunology. 2006 Jul;118 (3) :353-60., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16827896/, *David A. Kosub, Ginger Lehrman, Jeffrey M. Milush, Dejiang Zhou, Elizabeth Chacko, Amanda Leone, Shari Gordon, Guido Silvestri, James G. Else, Philip Keiser, Mamta K. Jain, Donald L. Sodora: Gamma/Delta T-Cell Functional Responses Differ after Pathogenic Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Nonpathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infections. J Virol. 2008 February; 82 (3) : 1155–1165., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC22244, *Erik L. Brincks, Tamara A. Kucaba, Kevin L. Legge, Thomas S. Griffith: Influenza-induced expression of functional TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on human PBMC. Hum Immunol. 2008 October; 69 (10) : 634–646., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC25974

• Other References:

  *Schroder K, Hertzog PJ, Ravasi T, Hume DA: Interferon-gamma: an overview of signals, mechanisms and functions. J Leukoc Biol. 2004 Feb;75 (2) :163-89. , URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14525967?dopt=, *Ellis TN, Beaman BL: Interferon-gamma activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil function. Immunology. 2004 May;112 (1) :2-12., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15096178?dopt=, *Costa-Pereira AP, Williams TM, Strobl B, Watling D, Briscoe J, Kerr IM: The antiviral response to gamma interferon. J Virol. 2002 Sep;76 (18) :9060-8., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12186889?dopt=, *Okamura H, Kashiwamura S, Tsutsui H, Yoshimoto T, Nakanishi K: Regulation of interferon-gamma production by IL-12 and IL-18. Curr Opin Immunol. 1998 Jun;10 (3) :259-64., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9638361?dopt=A, *Young HA, Hardy KJ: Role of interferon-gamma in immune cell regulation. J Leukoc Biol. 1995 Oct;58 (4) :373-81. Review., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7561512?dopt=A

• Storage Conditions:

  Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.

• Specificity:

  The mouse monoclonal antibody 4S.B3 recognizes IFN-gamma, a 16-25 kDa cytokine produced by activated Th1 cells and NK cells. Binds both glycosylated and non-glycosylated protein.

• Applications Notes:

  6

• Isotype:

  Mouse IgG1 kappa