4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid

4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid

• CAS Number: 816-66-0
• UNSPSC Description: 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (α-Ketoisocaproic acid) is a metabolite of L-leucine and is involved in energy metabolism. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid increases endoplasmic reticulum stress, promotes lipid accumulation in preadipocytes and insulin resistance by impairing mTOR and autophagy signaling pathways. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid also causes oxidative damage, leading to cognitive deficits, inhibits α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, acts as an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler and metabolic inhibitor. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid acts as a nutrient signal and stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid can be used in the study of maple syrup urine disease[1][2][3][4][5].
• Target Antigen: Autophagy; Endogenous Metabolite; mTOR; SOD
• Type: Natural Products
• Related Pathways: Autophagy;Immunology/Inflammation;Metabolic Enzyme/Protease;PI3K/Akt/mTOR
• Applications: Metabolism-sugar/lipid metabolism
• Field of Research: Metabolic Disease; Neurological Disease
• Assay Protocol: https://www.medchemexpress.com/4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic_acid.html
• Purity: 99.51
• Solubility: DMSO : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic)|H2O : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic)
• Smiles: CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)=O
• Molecular Weight: 130.14
• References & Citations: [1]Yudkoff M, et al. Brain amino acid requirements and toxicity: the example of leucine. J Nutr. 2005 Jun;135(6 Suppl):1531S-8S.|[2]Park, et al. α-ketoisocaproic acid promotes ER stress through impairment of autophagy, thereby provoking lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in murine preadipocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 603 (2022): 109-115.|[3]Taschetto, et al. Acute and long-term effects of intracerebroventricular administration of α-ketoisocaproic acid on oxidative stress parameters and cognitive and noncognitive behaviors. Metabolic brain disease 32 (2017): 1507-1518.|[4]Escobar, et al. Leucine and α-ketoisocaproic acid, but not norleucine, stimulate skeletal muscle protein synthesis in neonatal pigs. The Journal of nutrition 140.8 (2010): 1418-1424.|[5]Amaral, et al. α-Ketoisocaproic acid and leucine provoke mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction in rat brain. Brain research 1324 (2010): 75-84.
• Shipping Conditions: Room Temperature
• Storage Conditions: 4°C (Powder, protect from light)
• Clinical Information: No Development Reported