Cholesterol

• Description:

  Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].

• UNSPSC:

  12352211

• Hazard Statement:

  H302, H315, H319, H335

• Target:

  Bacterial; Endogenous Metabolite; Estrogen Receptor/ERR; Liposome

• Type:

  Natural Products

• Related Pathways:

  Anti-infection; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor

• Field of Research:

  Metabolic Disease; Cancer

• Assay Protocol:

  https://www.medchemexpress.com/Cholesterol.html

• Concentration:

  10mM

• Purity:

  99.95

• Solubility:

  DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (ultrasonic; warming; heat to 60°C) |Ethanol : 10 mg/mL (ultrasonic; warming; heat to 60°C)

• Smiles:

  O[C@H](C1)CC[C@@]2(C)C1=CC[C@]3([H])[C@]2([H])CC[C@@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]4([H])[C@@H](CCCC(C)C)C

• Molecular Formula:

  C27H46O

• Molecular Weight:

  386.65

• Precautions:

  H302, H315, H319, H335

• References & Citations:

  [1]Casaburi I, et al. Cholesterol as an Endogenous ERRα Agonist: A New Perspective to Cancer Treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) . 2018 Sep 11;9:525.|[2]Dietschy JM, et al. Thematic review series: brain Lipids. Cholesterol metabolism in the central nervous system during early development and in the mature animal. J Lipid Res. 2004 Aug;45 (8) :1375-97.|[3]Fukui K, et al. Effect of Cholesterol Reduction on Receptor Signaling in Neurons. J Biol Chem. 2015 Sep 14.|[4]Puskás LG, et al. Cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemia influences gene expression pattern of rat hearts: a DNA microarray study. FEBS Lett. 2004 Mar 26;562 (1-3) :99-104.|[5]Onody A, et al. Hyperlipidemia induced by a cholesterol-rich diet leads to enhanced peroxynitrite formation in rat hearts. Cardiovasc Res. 2003 Jun 1;58 (3) :663-70.|[6]Baumer Y, et al. Hyperlipidemia-induced cholesterol crystal production by endothelial cells promotes atherogenesis. Nat Commun. 2017 Oct 24;8 (1) :1129.|[7]Finking G, et al. Nikolaj Nikolajewitsch Anitschkow (1885-1964) established the cholesterol-fed rabbit as a model for atherosclerosis research. Atherosclerosis. 1997 Nov;135 (1) :1-7.|[8]Fan J, et al. Use of Rabbit Models to Study Atherosclerosis. Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2419:413-431.

• Shipping Conditions:

  Room Temperature

• Storage Conditions:

  -20°C, 3 years; 4°C, 2 years (Powder)

• Scientific Category:

  Natural Products

• Clinical Information:

  Launched

• Isoform:

  Human Endogenous Metabolite; Microbial Metabolite

• Citation 01:

  ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Sep 4;16 (35) :46044-46052.|ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 Oct 8;17 (40) :55861-55875.|Adv Sci (Weinh) . 2024 Aug 9:e2402329.|Adv Sci (Weinh) . 2024 Jul 1:e2403640.|Adv Sci (Weinh) . 2025 Jun 20:e04195.|Antiviral Res. 2023 Jan:209:105497.|Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Feb 19;522 (4) :862-868.|Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Aug 8;242 (Pt 3) :117223.|Biomacromolecules. 2025 Jun 9;26 (6) :3563-3575.|bioRxiv. 2025 January 22.|Cell Biomater. 2025 Aug 19.|Cell Death Discov. 2024 May 29;10 (1) :263.|Cell Death Discov. 2025 Feb 8;11 (1) :55.|Cell Metab. 2024 Nov 5;36 (11) :2402-2418.e10.|Cell Mol Life Sci. 2024 Jul 6;81 (1) :289.|Cell Signal. 2024 Sep 16:111419.|EMBO Mol Med. 2024 Aug;16 (8) :1755-1790.|Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Aug 27:S0891-5849 (24) 00623-3.|Int J Nanomedicine. 2025 Oct 22:20:12783-12804.|Int J Pharm. 2024 Aug 18:124608.|iScience. 2024 Apr 3.|J Control Release. 2025 May 30:113907.|J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Apr 24:119877.|J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Oct 20;20 (1) :454.|J Pharm Sci. 2024 May 25:S0022-3549 (24) 00199-0.|Life Sci Alliance. 2022 Jan 4;5 (3) :e202101256.|Life Sci. 2023 Aug 15:327:121698.|Life Sci. 2025 Jun 1:370:123571.|Mol Cancer. 2025 Jul 19;24 (1) :199.|Mol Cancer. 2025 May 26;24 (1) :151.|Nanomedicine. 2024 Jun:58:102745.|Nat Chem Biol. 2022 Nov;18 (11) :1196-1203.|Nat Commun. 2024 Jan 2;15 (1) :162.|Nat Nanotechnol. 2021 Oct;16 (10) :1150-1160.|Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2025 May;32 (5) :896-904.|Nature. 2025 Jul;643 (8070) :192-200.|NPJ Vaccines. 2025 Aug 14;10 (1) :193.|Part Part Syst Charact. 2024 Jun 12.|Part Sci Technol. 2025 Jul 03.|Patent. US20200376102A1.|Patent. US20200376146A1.|Patent. US20250248939A1.|Pathol Res Pract. 2025 Sep:273:156138.|Phytomedicine. 2024 Mar:125:155299.|Phytomedicine. 2025 May 24:143:156904.|Plant J. 2025 Nov;124 (3) :e70559.|Polym Test. 2023 Dec 1, 108292.|Redox Biol. 2023 Jun:62:102678.|Res Sq. 2025 Jul 29.|Sci China Life Sci. 2022 Feb;65 (2) :341-361.|Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Mar 24;10 (1) :101.|Small Methods. 2025 Apr 21:e2401712.|SSRN. 2024 Feb 5.|SSRN. 2025 Aug 29.|SSRN. 2025 Oct 29.|Theranostics. 2021 Jan 1;11 (2) :841-860.|Traditional Medicine Research. 2025;10 (4) :20.|Vet Microbiol. 2024 Jan:288:109948.|Viruses. 2022 Mar 3;14 (3) :514.|Adv Sci (Weinh) . 2023 Sep;10 (27) :e2206878.|Cancer Commun (Lond) . 2025 Aug;45 (8) :1010-1037.|Cell Biosci. 2025 Jul 4;15 (1) :95.|Commun Biol. 2024 Nov 9;7 (1) :1476.|Exp Mol Med. 2025 May;57 (5) :1089-1105.|Immunity. 2024 May 14;57 (5) :1087-1104.e7.|Nat Aging. 2025 Aug 26.|Nat Biomed Eng. 2025 Feb;9 (2) :215-233.|Redox Biol. 2025 Jul:84:103693.|Sci Rep. 2025 May 26;15 (1) :18364.

• CAS Number:

  [57-88-5]