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Category
Primary Antibodies
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Long description
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and related viruses require coreceptors, in addition to CD4, to infect target cells. Some G protein-coupled receptors including CCR5, CXCR4, CCR3, CCR2b and CCR8 in the chemokine receptor family, and four new human molecules GPR15, STRL33, GPR1 and V28 were recently identified as HIV coreceptors 1. Among them, CXCR4 (fusin, LESTR or HUMSTR) is a principal coreceptor for T-cell tropic strains of HIV-1 fusion and entry of human white blood cells2,3. CXCR4 is also required for the infection by dual-tropic strains of HIV-1 and mediates CD-4 independent infection by HIV-24,5. The -chemokine SDF-1 is the ligand for CXCR4 and prevents infection by T-tropic HIV-16,7. CXCR4 associates with the surface CD4-gp120 complex before HIV enters target cells8. CXCR4 messenger RNA levels correlated with HIV-1 permissiveness in diverse human cell types2. Antibodies to CXCR4 block HIV-1 and HIV-2 fusion and infection of human target cells2,5,10. The amino-terminal domain and the second extracellular loop of CXCR4 serve as HIV biding sites10,11.
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Antibody come from
Synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 1 to 14 of the N terminal of the human CXCR4 receptor.
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Other description
Provided in phosphate buffered saline solution containing 0.02% sodium azide as a preservative. Antigen Immunoaffiinity Purification
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Clone
Polyclonal
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Antigen antibody binding interaction
Rabbit anti CXCR4 (NT) (HIV and chemokine receptor) Antibody
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Antibody is raised in
Rabbit
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Antibody s reacts with
Human, Mouse
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Antibody s reacts with these species
This antibody doesn't cross react with other species
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Antibody s specificity
No Data Available
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Application
Western Blot, Immunocytochemistry, Immunoprecipitation
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Antibody s suited for
Detects CXCR4 receptor by Western blot at 1-2 µg/ml. Detects an approximately 42 kDa band in HeLa cell lysate. Can also be used for immunoprecipitation and immunocytochemistry at 10 µg/ml. Optimal concentration should be evaluated by serial dilutions.
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Storage
-20ºC
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Relevant references
1. Dimitrov, D.S. How do viruses enter cells? The HIV coreceptors teach us a lesson of complexity. Cell 1997, 91, 721-730_x000B__x000B_2. Feng, Y., et al. HIV-1 entry cofactor: functional cDNA cloning of a seven-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor. Science 1996, 272, 872-877_x000B__x000B_3. Berson, J.F., et al. A seven-transmembrane domain receptor involved in fusion and entry of T-cell-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains. J. Virol. 1996, 70, 6288-6295_x000B__x000B_4. Doranz, B.J., et al. A dual-tropic primary HIV-1 isolate that uses fusin and the beta-chemokine receptors CKR-5, CKR-3, and CKR-2b as fusion cofactors. Cell 1996, 85, 1149-1158 _x000B__x000B_5. Endres, M.J., et al. CD4-independent infection by HIV-2 is mediated by fusin/CXCR4. Cell 1996, 87, 745-756_x000B__x000B_6. Bleul, C.C., et al. The lymphocyte chemoattractant SDF-1 is a ligand for LESTR/fusin and blocks HIV-1 entry. Nature 1996, 382, 829-833_x000B__x000B_7. Oberlin, E., et al. The CXC chemokine SDF-1 is the ligand for LESTR/fusin and prevents infection by T-cell-line-adapted HIV-1. Nature 1996, 382, 833-835_x000B__x000B_8. Lapham, C.K., et al. Evidence for cell-surface association between fusin and the CD4-gp120 complex in human cell lines. Science 1996, 274, 602-605_x000B__x000B_9. Leoetscher, M., et al. Cloning of a human seven-transmembrane domain receptor, LESTR, that is highly expressed in leukocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 1994, 269, 232-237_x000B__x000B_10. Brelot, A., et al. Role of the first and third extracellular domains of CXCR-4 in human immunodeficiency virus coreceptor activity. J. Virol. 1997, 71, 4744-4751_x000B__x000B_11. Lu, Z., et al. Evolution of HIV-1 coreceptor usage through interactions with distinct CCR5 and CXCR4 domains. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1997, 94, 6426-6431_x000B_
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Protein number
see ncbi
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Warnings
This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals. This datasheet is as accurate as reasonably achievable, but Nordic-MUbio accepts no liability for any inaccuracies or omissions in this information.
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Description
This antibody needs to be stored at + 4°C in a fridge short term in a concentrated dilution. Freeze thaw will destroy a percentage in every cycle and should be avoided. Chemokines, chemokine receptors, ligands , motif chemokines and cytokines are supplied by nordc in 1. The receptors are ligand binding factors of type 1, 2 or 3 and protein-molecules that receive chemical-signals from outside a cell. When such chemical-signals couple or bind to a receptor, they cause some form of cellular/tissue-response, e.g. a change in the electrical-activity of a cell. In this sense, am olfactory receptor is a protein-molecule that recognizes and responds to endogenous-chemical signals, chemokinesor cytokines e.g. an acetylcholine-receptor recognizes and responds to its endogenous-ligand, acetylcholine. However, sometimes in pharmacology, the term is also used to include other proteins that are drug-targets, such as enzymes, transporters and ion-channels.
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Gene
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS). AIDS is a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive. Without treatment, average survival time after infection with HIV is estimated to be 9 to 11 years, depending on the HIV subtype. Infection with HIV occurs by the transfer of blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, or breast milk. Within these bodily fluids, HIV is present as both free virus particles and virus within infected immune cells. recombinant HIV 1 and 2 gag gene proteins p24, p17, p55 immunodominant epitopes and envelope glycoproteins, gp120 are used for production of diagnostic detection antibodies.
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About
Rabbits are used for polyclonal antibody production by nordc. Rabbit antibodies are very stable and can be stored for several days at room temperature. nordc adds sodium azide and glycerol to enhance the stability of the rabbit polyclonal antibodies. Anti-human, anti mouse antibodies to highly immunogenic selected peptide sequences are" monoclonal like" since the epitope to which they are directed is less than 35 amino acids long.
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Latin name
Oryctolagus cuniculus
