Defensins, Alpha, Mixed from Human Neutrophils (HNP, Human Neutrophil Peptides)

• Catalog number
  7289-25
• Price
  Please ask
• Size
  25 ug

• Synonyms
  Neutrophil defensin 4, Defensin, alpha 4, HNP-4
• Alternative_names
  Neutrophil defensin 4, Defensin, alpha 4, HNP-4
• Description
  Enables the neutrophils to inactivate and destroy potential pathogens
• Recombinant
  No
• Source
  Human Neutrophils
• Purity by SDS PAGE
  ≥95%
• Assay
  SDS-PAGE
• Molecular Weight
  < 3.5 kDa
• Storage Temp
  -80°C
• Shipping
  Dry Ice
• Shelf Life
  12 months
• Appearance
  Frozen
• Physical form description
  Frozen in 1 M acetic acid.
• Background Information
  Alpha defensins are a family of mammalian defensin peptides. In general, defensins are small cysteine-rich cationic proteins found in both vertebrates and invertebrates. These mixed alpha defensins are purified from human neutrophils. These peptides are active in killing bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses, and therefore, enable the neutrophils to inactivate and destroy potential pathogens. Defensins damage or kill ingested microbes by penetrating the microbial’ s cell membrane by way of electrical attraction, and consequently forming pores in the membrane. Human neutrophil-derived alpha-defensins (HNPs) are capable of enhancing phagocytosis by mouse macrophages. HNP1-3 have been reported to increase the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1, while decreasing the production of IL-10 by monocytes. Increased levels of proinflammatory factors (e.g., IL-1, TNF, histamine and prostaglandin D2) and suppressed levels of IL-10 at the site of microbial infection are likely to amplify local inflammatory responses. This might be further reinforced by the capacity of some human and rabbit alpha-defensins to inhibit the production of immunosuppressive glucocorticoids by competing for the binding of adrenocorticotropic hormone to its receptor. Moreover, human alpha-defensins can enhance or suppress the activation of the classical pathway of complement in vitro by binding to solid-phase or fluid-phase complement C1q, respectively. The capacity of defensins to enhance phagocytosis, promote neutrophil recruitment, enhance the production of proinflammatory cytokines, suppress anti-inflammatory mediators and regulate complement activation argues that defensins upregulate innate host inflammatory defenses against microbial invasion.
• Handling
  Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.
• Usage
  For Research Use Only! Not to be used in humans
• Datasheet
• Additional description
  The Defensins, Alpha, Mixed from Neutrophils (HNP, Neutrophil Peptides) is a α- or alpha protein sometimes glycoprotein present in blood.
• Properties
  Human proteins, cDNA and human recombinants are used in human reactive ELISA kits and to produce anti-human mono and polyclonal antibodies. Modern humans (Homo sapiens, primarily ssp. Homo sapiens sapiens). Depending on the epitopes used human ELISA kits can be cross reactive to many other species. Mainly analyzed are human serum, plasma, urine, saliva, human cell culture supernatants and biological samples.

• Gene target
  Defensins   Alpha   Mixed   from   Neutrophils   HNP   Neutrophil   Peptides  
• Gene symbol
  DEFA3, DEFA1, KLK8
• Short name
  Defensins, Alpha, Mixed from Neutrophils (HNP, Neutrophil Peptides)
• Species
  Human, Humans
• Alternative name
  Defensins, a, Mixed from H. sapiens Neutrophils (HNP, H. sapiens Neutrophil Peptides)

Gene info

• Identity
  HGNC:2762
• Gene
  DEFA3
• Long gene name
  defensin alpha 3
• Synonyms gene
  • DEF3
• Synonyms gene name
  • defensin, alpha 3, neutrophil-specific
• Synonyms
  • HNP-3
• GenBank acession
  • M23281
• Locus
  8p23.1
• Discovery year
  1993-11-05
• Entrez gene record
  1668
• Pubmed identfication
  • 8477861
  • 17214878
  • 15944200
• RefSeq identity
  • NM_005217
• Classification
  • Defensins, alpha
• VEGA ID
  OTTHUMG00000090381

Gene info

• Identity
  HGNC:2761
• Gene
  DEFA1
• Long gene name
  defensin alpha 1
• Synonyms gene
  • DEF1
  • MRS
  • DEFA2
• Synonyms gene name
  • defensin, alpha 2
  • defensin, alpha 1, myeloid-related sequence
  • defensin, alpha 1
• Synonyms
  • HNP-1
• GenBank acession
  • M26602
• Locus
  8p23.1
• Discovery year
  1988-06-27
• Entrez gene record
  1667
• Pubmed identfication
  • 9030614
  • 15944200
• RefSeq identity
  • NM_004084
• Classification
  • Defensins, alpha
• VEGA ID
  OTTHUMG00000154594

Gene info

• Identity
  HGNC:6369
• Gene
  KLK8
• Long gene name
  kallikrein related peptidase 8
• Synonyms gene
  • PRSS19
• Synonyms gene name
  • kallikrein 8 (neuropsin/ovasin)
• Synonyms
  • HNP
  • TADG14
  • neuropsin
  • ovasin
• GenBank acession
  • AB008390
• Locus
  19q13.41
• Discovery year
  1999-09-09
• Entrez gene record
  11202
• Pubmed identfication
  • 10102990
  • 9714609
  • 16800724
  • 16800723
• RefSeq identity
  • NM_007196
• Classification
  • Kallikreins
  • Serine proteases
• VEGA ID
  OTTHUMG00000183086

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